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It 's one of the basic processes that ecologists study , along with predation and competition .

它是生态学者研究的基本流程之一，伴随着捕食和竞争而产生。

Palmer says wildlife filmmakers are trained to look for the " money shot , " a dramatic scene of predation or copulation , for example .

帕尔默说野生动物纪录片拍摄者们常常需要寻找“金钱镜头”，比如动物捕食和交配的画面。

Establishing that a firm is guilty of predation is difficult .

要确定一家公司采取了掠夺性定价是困难的。

Before civilisation intervened , such chronic loneliness would have been so rare ( because isolated individuals are so vulnerable to predation ) that evolution would have ignored it .

在文明到来之前，这种常态性的孤独非常罕见（因为单独的个体易被捕食），进化就把它忽略了。

Most students of ageing agree that an animal 's maximum lifespan is set by how long it can reasonably expect to escape predation , disease , accident and damaging aggression by others of its kind .

大多数学生认为，动物的最长寿命还取决于对它们逃脱各种危险的时间的合理预期，危险包括被捕食、疾病、意外事故以及其他动物的危险侵犯。