The crucified god in the carolingian era : theology and art of christ 's passion .
加洛林王朝时期的神学和耶稣受难的艺术。
By the second half of the tenth century , carolingian script had reached england , replacing late forms of the insular script ; in spain it replaced visigothic .
至10世纪后半叶，加洛林体在英国取代了insular体；在西班牙取代visigothic体。
In the original text the holy spirit was said to have proceeded " from the father , " whereas in carolingian europe ( but not yet in rome )
在原来的文本圣灵据说进行“从父”，而在加洛林欧洲（但尚未在罗马）
That the open forms of the carolingian script were replaced , from the 12th century , by the darker , more condensed , angular , ligature-ridden , closed forms of the gothic scripts is , as delorez writes , one of the mysteries of history .
